![]() ![]() ![]() Vietnam, a tropical and developing country in Southeast Asia, is identified as one of the most vulnerable hotspots affected by climate change and natural hazard-induced disasters such as droughts and floods (IPCC 2013b IMHEN and UNDP 2015). ( 2016) indicated that the impact of climate change and disasters varies from area to area and that vulnerability assessment, to be reliable, must be investigated at a regional scale. The livelihood vulnerability index provides measures to observe likely vulnerability over time and space and to identify the processes that contribute to vulnerability, prioritize strategies for its reduction, and assess the efficiency of these strategies in different social and ecological environments (Shah et al. ( 2009) based on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) definition of vulnerability, the LVI approach consists of various variables apprehending the level of smallholder farmers’ exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity to natural hazard-induced disasters (for example, droughts and floods) and climate change. In the past decade, the livelihood vulnerability index (LVI) has been a useful and popular tool in assessing farmers’ vulnerability to climate change and disasters around the world (Addisu Legese et al. ![]() Among these methods, the indicator-based method is widely used to assess vulnerability to climate change and natural hazard-induced disasters (Pandey and Jha 2012 Salik et al. Approaches to vulnerability assessment include historical narrative, comparative analysis, statistical analysis, indicator-based methods, and agent-base modeling. ![]() In recent years, vulnerability assessment in the context of climate change and natural hazard-induced disasters has gained more attention from scientists. Vulnerability assessment depicts a varied set of approaches used to systematically integrate and consider interactions between humans and their environmental surroundings, including physical and social aspects (Hahn et al. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC 2001), vulnerability is defined as the extent to which geophysical, biological, and societal aspects are disposed to, or at risk of, and are unable to deal with the adverse effect of climate change and variability. Therefore, studies of the impacts of climate change and natural hazards are necessary to improve knowledge about people’s vulnerability and to help decision makers plan for and implement climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction. ( 2016) have indicated that people whose livelihood relies mostly on agricultural activities are particularly vulnerable in the developing countries. This forcing variable generates large challenges for the socioeconomic development of developing countries, especially in the agricultural sector. Recently, drought frequency and severity have significantly increased due to climate change (IPCC 2013a). Basically, drought is categorized into four major types-meteorological, hydrological, agricultural, and socioeconomic droughts-depending on its impacts (Thilakarathne and Sridhar 2017). 2018) or human factors, for example, land-use change (Keesstra 2007). Drought results from a considerable water deficit due to climatic factors such as decreases in rainfall (Mohmmed et al. In order to reduce vulnerability to droughts, water management practices and livelihood diversification in farming and nonfarming activities are recommended for the study area.ĭrought is a recurrent natural hazard that has negative impacts on water resources and the socioeconomic situation of affected communities. Water availability and livelihood strategies are the most important variables in determining the vulnerability of the five surveyed communities. The survey results indicate that Quang Phu community is the most vulnerable of the study’s communities, followed by Nam N’dir, Dak Nang, Duc Xuyen, and Dak D’ro in descending order of vulnerability. Data were aggregated using a livelihood vulnerability index and the IPCC vulnerability index. A survey of 250 households was conducted in the five communities to collect data on the region’s sociodemographic profile, livelihood systems, social networks, health status, food and water security, drought conditions, and climate variability. This study investigated the livelihood vulnerability of five communities of farmers who are exposed to droughts in one of the more vulnerable regions of Vietnam-Dak Nong Province. In recent years, droughts have strongly affected the Central Highlands of Vietnam and have resulted in crop damage, yield decline, and serious water shortage. ![]()
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